Is There any Difference Between the Results of the Survey Marked by the Interviewer and the Respondent?

Systematic errors can significantly affect the results of research. Interviewer errors and respondents (participants) errors constitute a large portion of systematic error sources. The purpose of this study is to show whether there is a difference between the results of the questionnaire marked by the respondent and the results of the questionnaire marked by the interviewer. For this purpose, the responses of 150 participants to the questionnaire were compared and analyzed. The findings of the analyze reveal that there is a difference between the results of the questionnaire marked by the interviewer and the results of the questionnaire marked by the respondent. Another result is that the reliability of the questionnaire data marked by the interviewer is lower than other group. This study is part of a research carried out with the support of The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK – 115K155) and the results provide preliminary information

The Effect of Basalt Fiber on the Performance of Stone Mastic Asphalt

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a mixture design against rutting caused by intensive and heavy traffic loads. While modified bitumen needs to be used in this mixture, the use of cellulosic fibers is essential to prevent the infiltration of bitumen during the carriage of mixture due to high bitumen content. In this study, the effects of basalt fiber on the performance of SMA mixtures is investigated as an alternative to cellulosic fiber admixtures in the prevention of draindown. Raw materials commonly used in Turkey were chosen as Type-I graded limestone aggregate and B50/70 asphalt cement, according to the General Directorate of Highways. In total, 109 specimens were prepared by a gyratory compactor according to the superpave design method. Sixty of these specimens were basalt fiber added samples with a ratio from 0.1 % to 0.8 % by dry weight aggregate. An addition of basalt fiber of 0.6 % at 25 °C seriously increases the resilient modulus and tensile strength of the samples. In addition, 0.4 % basalt fiber mixed samples shows that the greatest resistance against permanent deformation according to the results of static uniaxial creep test performed at 40 °C. Basalt fibers have no positive effect when a decrement of bitumen viscosity exceeds the bitumen softening point at the end of repeated uniaxial tests. On the other hand, bitumen draindown and water damage test results are within acceptable limits

An Investigation of the Relationships Between Attachment Levels to School and the Variables of the Perception of School Life Quality and Peer Pressure Among High School Students

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between attachment levels to school and the variables of the perception of school life quality and peer pressure among high school students and whether school life quality and peer pressure predict students’ attachment levels to school significantly. The relational screening model was used in the research. The sample group for the research comprised a total sum of 1533 high school students from 12 different high schools in six counties in Hatay province in Turkey. Sample of the study was selected using purposive and easily accessible sampling. “School Attachment Scale Among Children and Adolescents (High School Form) (SASACA)”, “The Quality of Life in High Schools Scale (QLHSS)” and “Peer Pressure Scale (PPS)” were used as tools of data collection. A Pearson Correlation analysis was performed to determine whether there was a significant relationship between the scores of the scales used in the study. Considering the findings of the study it was found out that there was a significant and positive relationship between the levels of students' attachment to school and school life quality. In addition, a high level, negative and significant relationship was found between the level of students' attachment to school and peer pressure. Peer pressure and school life quality are significant explanations of the level of attachment to school

System identification and model-based flight control system design for an agile maneuvring quadrotor platform

In this paper, we provide a system identification, model stitching and model-based flight control system design methodology for an agile maneuvering quadrotor micro aerial vehicle (MAV) technology demonstrator platform. The proposed MAV is designed to perform agile maneuvers in hover/low-speed and fast forward flight conditions in which significant changes in system dynamics are observed. As such, these significant changes result in considerable loss of performance and precision using classical hover or forward flight model based controller designs. To capture the changing dynamics, we consider an approach which is adapted from the full-scale manned aircraft and rotorcraft domain. Specifically, linear mathematical models of the MAV in hover and forward flight are obtained by using the frequency-domain system identification method and they are validated in time-domain. These point models are stitched with the trim data and quasi-nonlinear mathematical model is generated for simulation purposes. Identified linear models are used in a multi objective optimization based flight control system design approach in which several handling quality specifications are used to optimize the controller parameters. Lateral reposition and longitudinal depart/abort mission task elements from ADS-33E-PRF are scaled-down by using kinematic scaling to evaluate the proposed flight control systems. Position hold, trajectory tracking and aggressiveness analysis are performed, Monte-Carlo simulations and actual flight test results are compared. The results show that the proposed methodology provides high precision and predictable maneuvering control capability over an extensive speed envelope in comparison to classical control techniques. Our current work focuses on i) extension of the flight envelope of the mathematical model and ii) improvement of agile maneuvering capability of the MAV

Cardiac Safety of Diclofenac at a Single Dose in Ram

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently prescribed drug group in human and veterinary medicine. However, diclofenac, a traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, related to cardiotoxicity is reported, and blood cardiac damage markers may increase within the first hours after damage. The aim of the current research was to determine the effect of diclofenac on the blood cardiac damage markers. Single dose of diclofenac (2.5 mg/kg, IM) was injected to 6 rams. Blood samples were collected in before (0 hour, control) and 6 hours after injection. Specific (troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB) and nonspecific (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase) blood cardiac damage marker concentrations, routine biochemical (hepatic damage, renal damage, lipid metabolism, glucose, and phosphorus) parameters, and hemogram values were measured. Diclofenac increased (P<0.05) specific (troponin I) and nonspecific cardiac (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase), hepatic (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase), and muscular (creatine kinase) damage markers and high density lipoprotein level, while it decreased (P<0.05) low density lipoprotein level. Moreover, diclofenac decreased (P<0.05) white blood cell counts and increased (P<0.05) red blood cell counts. In conclusion, it may be stated that diclofenac shows slight cardiotoxicity, whereas it may show potent hepatic and muscular damage effects at an intramuscularly single dose in sheep. Thereby, repeated injections of diclofenac may be more harmful in sheep

Evaluation of Light-Emitting Diode (LED-660 Nm) Application over Primary Osteoblast-Like Cells on Titanium Surfaces: An In Vitro Study

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of neonatal rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells cultured on different implant surfaces and exposed once or three times to a 660-nm light-emitting diode (LED)

Extraction socket healing in rats treated with bisphosphonate : animal model for bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws in multiple myeloma patients

Aim: The aim of this study is to replicate both clinical and histological presentation of bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) in an animal model of the disease state. Successful recapitulation of a BONJlike indication in an animal model will be useful for studying pathogenesis, as well as prevention and treatment strategies for BONJ. Materials and Methods: Eighty (80) rats were prospectively and randomly divided into two groups; control group(40) and study group(40). All animals in study group, injected with a dose of 1 mg/kg dexamethasone (DX) subcutaneously on day 7, 14, or 21; and 1, 2, or 3 doses of 7.5 ?g/kg zoledronic acid (ZA) subcutaneously administered to coincide with the last day of DX. Half of the animals from each group underwent extraction of the left mandibular molars and the remaining animals underwent extraction of the left maxillary molars under pentobarbital-induced general anesthesia. All animals were euthanized twenty-eight (28) days following tooth extractions. Results: The amount of new bone trabecules as significantly decreased in bisphosphonate-dexamethasone (BPDX) treated sockets. Difference between both groups was found statistically significant (p=0,0001). There's no foreign body reaction in sockets of both groups and no significance difference observed for fibrosis (p=0,306). The necrosis scores were significantly higher in BP-DX treated sockets (p=0,015). The inflamation scores were significantly higher for study group (p=0,0001). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary observations for the development of an animal model of BONJ. But we think that there is need for other studies have only BP treated group and larger study population. © Medicina Oral S. L

Protocol for a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial using pure palmitoleic acid to ameliorate insulin resistance and lipogenesis in overweight and obese subjects with prediabetes

Palmitoleic acid (POA), a nonessential, monounsaturated omega-7 fatty acid (C16:1n7), is a lipid hormone secreted from adipose tissue and has beneficial effects on distant organs, such as the liver and muscle. Interestingly, POA decreases lipogenesis in toxic storage sites such as the liver and muscle, and paradoxically increases lipogenesis in safe storage sites, such as adipose tissue. Furthermore, higher POA levels in humans are correlated with better insulin sensitivity, an improved lipid profile, and a lower incidence of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular pathologies, such as myocardial infarction. In preclinical animal models, POA improves glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and steatosis of the muscle and liver, while improving insulin sensitivity and secretion. This double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial tests the hypothesis that POA increases insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic lipogenesis in overweight and obese adult subjects with pre-diabetes. Important to note, that this is the first study ever to use pure (&gt;90%) POA with &lt; 0.3% palmitic acid (PA), which masks the beneficial effects of POA. The possible positive findings may offer a therapeutic and/or preventative pathway against diabetes and related immunometabolic diseases